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In this example, you will learn to take two complex numbers as structures and add them by creating a user-defined function.

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To understand this example, you should have the knowledge of the following C programming topics:

• C struct
• C Structure and Function

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Add Two Complex Numbers

#include 
typedef struct complex {
    float real;
    float imag;
} complex;

complex add(complex n1, complex n2);

int main() {
    complex n1, n2, result;

    printf("For 1st complex number \n");
    printf("Enter the real and imaginary parts: ");
    scanf("%f %f", &n1.real, &n1.imag);
    printf("\nFor 2nd complex number \n");
    printf("Enter the real and imaginary parts: ");
    scanf("%f %f", &n2.real, &n2.imag);

    result = add(n1, n2);

    printf("Sum = %.1f + %.1fi", result.real, result.imag);
    return 0;
}

complex add(complex n1, complex n2) {
    complex temp;
    temp.real = n1.real + n2.real;
    temp.imag = n1.imag + n2.imag;
    return (temp);
}

Output

For 1st complex number
Enter the real and imaginary parts: 2.1
-2.3

For 2nd complex number
Enter the real and imaginary parts: 5.6
23.2
Sum = 7.7 + 20.9i

In this program, a structure namedcomplex is declared. It has two members: real and imag. We then created two variables n1 and n2 from this structure.

These two structure variables are passed to the add() function. The function computes the sum and returns the structure containing the sum.

Finally, the sum of complex numbers is printed from the main() function.